Istanbul, Turkey it's Europe, but not as we know it
Having avoided the "East meets West" headline, let's move on. If you suddenly found yourself in the middle of Istanbul, you could be forgiven for initially mistaking it for Cairo or Damascus, or any of the great cities of the Arab world. The smell of spices coming from the crowded markets, the haunting beauty of the evening call to prayer surrounding you from every direction and the predominance of men in the streets. All of these signs will confirm that you have left "mainstream" Europe. And yet dig a little deeper and there is much that is unique to this city, and much to admire.
Istanbul has been my favourite major European city since my first visit back in 1988. I had travelled there as a teenage backpacker. This was the furthest place that the Interail (Eurail) ticket would take me, and having team up with 5 other youngsters in Greece we arrived by train in the early hours of the morning. It only took a few moments for us to realise how we had entered a different type of city. People would stop us in the street, shake our hands and say "welcome!". Even a policeman stopped us and greeted us. When we stopped for breakfast, the waiter couldn't find a menu in any language we could understand, so instead he took all six of us into the kitchen, and we picked what we wanted through sign language. The contrast for us was intoxicating! For the next three days we absorbed everything the city had to offer; the bazaars, the mosques, the amazing food on offer and of course the views across the Bosphorus into Asia. There was a German girl in our group, and she will have enjoyed the time here less than the rest of us, given the amount of unwanted attention she received on every corner.
Returning 15 years later, Istanbul seemed to have grown up in my absence. The same smells and sounds were there to greet us, and the streets seemed busier than ever. The city itself however was a little more organised, more sophisticated. Restaurants were geared towards tourists and the prices had risen accordingly. The Grand Bazaar seemed less exciting and more full of rubbish for sale to tourists (although that might have been my own sense of nostalgia deceiving me). And the number of foreign visitors in the city had meant we were no longer novelties, to be welcomed and chased down the streets (not always a bad thing). Taxi drivers had learned the art of ripping off tourists and seemed to practice it with complete impunity.
It was an easier city to explore and experience, but maybe without the edge it had possessed previously. I pondered the reason for this, and figured that maybe it was evidence that in fact our view of a destination is shaped by the journey we make to reach it. I had previously taken four days to reach this exotic city. This time it had taken less than four hours from London Heathrow. But I enjoyed Istanbul in a different way this time. With money, we were able to visit Topkapi Palace and Museum, Dolmabahce Palace and explore more of the outer city. We could also eat in some of the more swanky restaurants and enjoy modern Turkish cuisine.
I returned again in 2006, this time on a business trip. And my experience was different again. Staying in a 5 star hotel and enjoying the Turkish baths at my disposal, I would explore the financial district and visit the offices of some of Turkey's major banks. Here I saw a vibrant, confident Istanbul, competing as a increasing force on the world's business stage. I also experienced one of the best seafood meals I've ever had (I would add the link if I remembered the name of the place!) and spent an enchanting evening in a club listening to the haunting sounds of a well-known Turkish singer (again, her name escapes me). And the taxi drivers were still up to their old tricks.
Istanbul has many faces, and is a city that will thrill and frustrate in equal measure. I know many people who hated their visit there, because of the hassle and rip-offs they experienced. Now when friends ask us about a city break with a difference, I always put in a recommendation for Istanbul. As long as you are prepared for the noise, the rush and the intensity of this great city, you can be confident it will be a memorable visit.
10 Oct 2009
(0)Overseas anthropologists Adventure in Chinese ethnic village eye-opening
KUNMING, July 30 (Xinhua) – Hillary Callan, an anthropologist from London, found herself drinking in the landscape of the Keyi village, the home of 712 Axi people, a branch of the Yi ethnic group.
The village, a three-hour drive from Kunming, capital of southwestern Yunnan Province, is believed by local residents to be the birthplace of the Axi culture.
Legend says it is the source of an epic poem telling the beginning of the Axi people. The poem, passed down from generation-to-generation, refers the village as "an auspicious place".
What struck Callan was a folk dance named "Axi Tiaoyue" or "Axi dance under moonlight", traditionally performed to celebrate harvest and victory.
"It looks fantastic and sounds joyful. I like their music, costume and dance. It is traditional and creative," she said.
Together with Callan were dozens of foreign anthropologists who joined more than 3,000 scholars to participate in the ongoing 16th World Congress of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES) due to close on Friday.
Responding to the curiosity of foreign scholars in China's ethnic culture, the congress has arranged five fieldtrips during the five-day event to ethnic villages nearby Kunming.
IUAES President Luis Alberto Vargas told Xinhua that he found the work made by the Chinese government in relation to the minorities was "something to be known world over".
"Many countries have the same situation as China does. That is a country having multi-nationalities. But not all countries have learned to handle this situation. The way that China is doing is just one of several possibilities. I think it has to be known to the world because it's getting good results," he said.
Many participants enjoyed the change of pace the fieldtrips offered.
"It's good to see ethnic villages like Keyi and their cultural heritage are open to the national public and the international public," Callan said.
Yi, a modern ethnic group mainly living in China, Vietnam and Thailand, has a population of about eight million. It is the seventh largest of China’s 55 ethnic minority groups. Its branch Axi were scattered in several counties and cities of Yunnan province, with a total population of more than 100,000.
Australian scholar Andrew McWilliams from the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies also greed that the Axi Tiaoyue Dance was one of their favorites from their Wednesday trip.
"It's amazing, and dances like that are things I have never seen before in anywhere else," said McWilliams.
The dance represented the essence of the Axi culture, such as primitive beliefs, songs, musical instruments, traditional costumes and religious rites. It has been performed in more than ten countries and regions, including the United States, Japan, Austria, Poland, North Korea and Russia.
Callan was also impressed by the way the ethnic community works together with local government for its prosperity.
"They use their own cultural heritages and resources for tourism and economic and social development. The village shows enormous potential of tourism development," she said.
Another anthropologist from Chiangwai University in Thailand, Chukiat Chaiboonsvi, thought the village’s traditional culture is "under proper protection".
“It looks very likely for the village to protect the culture and pass it to the next generation. The village is a good example of achieving economic development while at the same time protecting the precious culture," he said.
"I think the Chinese government has always been trying to support and take care of ethnic minorities. It's difficult and it takes time, but so long as the government keeps going on, it will have good results."
People from countries outside China are rarely aware of various ethnic groups in China or the government's policies towards ethnic groups, according to experts on the trip interviewed by Xinhua.
Shivendra Kumar Kashyap, an anthropologist from G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology in India, said he had no idea of China’s ethnic groups until he visited the National Museum in Yunnan this time.
"In the museum, I got to know all the ethnic minorities in China, including how they survive and how they preserve their own culture," he said.
Callan said she would encourage young people from western countries to come and explore by themselves the real China.
"China is absolutely one of the most interesting parts of the world for anthropologists. I wish I could stay longer to learn in greater depth about this country," she said.
from xinhua
04 Aug 2009
China to build world's largest quake simulator
A Chinese university said Tuesday it had started to build the world's largest quake simulator, a week after the first anniversary of the deadly earthquake in southwest China.
It will be used to accurately test the designs of bridges, tunnels, subways, stadiums and skyscrapers, Shanghai's Tongji University said in an emailed statement.
The four vibrating platforms, capable of carrying 200 tonnes, will generate a simulated quake to test a model's capacity to withstand the destructive power generated by the movement of the Earth's crust.
Currently the world's largest quake simulator is at the University of Nevada in the United States, but it can only handle about half the capacity of the Tongji simulator, the official Xinhua News Agency reported.
"With a larger total bearing ability, we can set up a bigger and more elaborate model of a structure to put on the vibrators," civil and structural engineering professor Li Jianzhong was quoted as saying by Xinhua.
It will take two years to complete the construction of the Tongji centre.
Last year's 8.0-magnitude Sichuan earthquake left nearly 87,000 dead or missing.
At least 5,335 students were killed or went missing when their classrooms crumbled on them.
Nearby structures stood firm, and devastated parents have blamed local cadres for pocketing construction money and building low-quality schools.
01 Jun 2009
China has one of the largest and busiest rail networks in the world, and trains link almost every town and city. Some people may still imagine Chinese trains to be old-fashioned and crowded. In fact, some routes still used traditional steam engines until 10 or 20 years ago. But today the best trains are very modern and comfortable and safe.
Trains in China have four classes: soft seat, soft sleeper, hard seat, and hard sleeper. Short distance trains normally have just hard class seats, or sometimes hard seats and soft seats, but no sleeper bunks. Long distance trains have soft and hard class sleepers as well as a few cars with hard seats, the so-called “cheap seats”. Soft sleepers have comfortable 4-berth compartments with full bedding provided. Hard class sleepers have bunks in an open-style dormitory cars, usually arranged in bays of 6 (upper, middle and lower) on one side of the aisle, with pairs of seats on the other side of the aisle for daytime use. For long trips, both hard class and soft class sleepers are quite comfortable, but soft class does provide much more space and privacy.
The most important trains on the Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Hong Kong, and some other routes also have deluxe soft class with 2-berth compartments as well as the normal 4-berth soft class. Of course, most long-distance trains have a restaurant car serving full meals.
So, how do you book a train ticket?
Reservations for the best Z-category express trains open 20 days in advance, but for most other trains bookings only open 4-10 days before departure. The rules appear to vary! However, you can't buy a ticket before bookings open. You can generally only book a train journey at the station where your journey starts, so (for example) the reservations office at Shanghai can sell you a Shanghai-Beijing ticket but not a Beijing-Xian ticket. You would have to purchase these tickets when you arrive in Beijing, so allow for a few days wait or else have someone in Beijing buy the tickets for you. Berths are best booked at least 2-3 days in advance, apart from peak periods (mainly the Spring Festival, May Day holiday, and National Day in October) when tickets should be booked as soon as reservations open. Many people travel during these times and tickets can be scarce.
Trains with a 'Z' in the train number are the best trains with the most modern coaches. "Z" stands for 直快, indicating that it arrives at the destination with little or no interim stops. Trains with a 'T' in the train number are the next best. The “T” stands for 特 as in 特快, 'extra' fast. Trains with a 'K' in the train number are just 快 'fast'. They will stop at many more stations along the way and generally take much longer to arrive at the final destination. At any rate, traveling by train is a great way to see the countryside and meet other travelers and local people along the way.
Editor:Wang Ping Source:CCTV.com
30 Apr 2009
Survey Travel tops high income Asia-Pacific households' pursuits
SINGAPORE, April 6 (Xinhua) -- Travel is the top pursuit for nearly three-quarters of high income Asia-Pacific households, according to a survey released on Monday.
According to the Spending Patterns and Perspectives of High Income Households survey, some 73 percent of high income Asia Pacific households said travel is their top personal interest over the next two years, well ahead of food (43 percent) and music (31 percent), and 63 percent of respondents said they went away for weekends overseas every six months or so.
The survey, conducted by Visa in late 2008, interviewed 4,106 people from countries and regions such as Singapore, South Korea, Australia, India, Japan, China, China's Hong Kong and Taiwan. All respondents were aged 18 and above with equal gender split and were from the top 20-40 percent of households for each marketplace.
The survey also showed that respondents from China's Hong Kong and India are the region's most frequent travelers. And the most popular destinations among the region's high income respondents were Japan, Australia and the United States.
07 Apr 2009
BEIJING, March 17 -- For art historians, Xu Beihong (1895-1953) is a pioneer of modern Chinese art whose style straddles the East and the West. But for the average Chinese, he is simply a master painter buy wow gold of galloping horses, roaring lions and lovely birds.
Chinese artist Xu Beihong excelled at capturing the vivid expressions, free will, endurance and vigor of galloping horses.
The largest retrospective show to honor the master painter has been drawing throngs of visitors from all walks of life since it opened at Yanhuang Art Museum in northern Beijing.
On display are over 80 of Xu Beihong's signature sketches, ink and oil paintings. The highlights are Xu's monumental ink paintings with historical themes like Yu Gong Moves the Mountain, Jiu Fang Gao and Galloping Horses, his oil works like Lady with a Flute and Self Portrait, and his early pencil sketches of horse herders and female nudes.
The exhibition coincides with the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China and the 90th anniversary of the May Fourth New Culture Movement.
In fact, Xu's career as an artist cheap wow gold and his personal experiences are closely associated with Chinese history, says Peking University art professor Zhu Qingsheng.
"Based on his deep understanding and deliberate choice of Western painting traditions, Xu advocated a Realist approach and style for Chinese art. He played a pivotal role in transforming modern Chinese art," Zhu says.
Born in Yixing, Jiangsu province, in 1895, Xu grew up in an artistic family and showed talent at an early age.
He studied classic Chinese works and calligraphy with his father Xu Dazhang when he was 6 and Chinese painting, when he was 9.
In 1915, he went to study in Shanghai, a melting pot of Chinese and Western cultures where he met the scholar and political reformer Kang Youwei (1858-1927), who became his mentor and greatly influenced his thinking about the need to integrate Western practices and ideas into Chinese art.
"Xu felt that traditional Chinese art had become a mere copying of other paintings and was divorced from nature and social reality," says Central Academy of Fine Arts professor Huang Xiaoming.
"Xu was not the first to formulate the idea but he was one of the first to seek a solution and a direction."
Xu came up with the idea of applying Western scientific methods, using very precise anatomical proportions and integrating Western approaches, such as perspective and shading in his works, notes Huang.
In 1917, Xu traveled to Tokyo to study art. On his return to China, he began to teach at Peking University's art school at the invitation of principal Cai Yuanpei (1868-1940) in 1918.
Xu became one of the major figures of the artistic revolution of the May Fourth New Culture Movement in 1919.
(Source: Chinadaily.com.cn/Agencies)
18 Mar 2009
History special (XIV): Qing Dynasty - Shanxi grand courtyards
Source: CCTV.com
02-24-2007 10:06
Wang’s Grand Courtyard is situated in
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Wang's Grand Courtyard is an example in handing down the five thousand years' old Chinese wow gold civilization and a masterpiece of Chinese civil residence architecture of Qing Dynasty; with a total area of up to 150,000 sq.m, ranks in the provincial-level cultural relic protection. The three huge architectural complexes of Gaojiaya, Red-Gate Fort and
The two architectural complexes of Gaojiaya and Red-gate Fort are confronting each other in the east-west direction. It also connected to each other through a well-protected bridge on the hill. The two compounds have the general characteristics of relying on mountains and complying with the terrain in layer upon layer.
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The great momentum and complete functions basically inherit the courtyard style of house. In addition, the carvings on brick, wood and stone have great originality with their elegant decoration unified practicability and impressive appearance. It ranks in an extremely high cultural grade of Chinese residential designs.
The Gao Jia Ya Architectural Complex buy wow gold had been built by the brothers of Wang Rucong and Wang Rucheng, the wang’s 17th generation, within the period of Qing Dynasty from 1796 to 1811. It covered about 2,000 sq.m of land including 35 large and small courtyards and 342 rooms. The buildings and gardens are well arranged adapting themselves for the geographical conditions having magnificent manner and completed functions, inheriting the courtyard style formed in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
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Wang’s Courtyard perfectly satisfies the requirements of the three architectural elements of "practicality, stability, and elegant form" but more importantly also in that it represents the novelty in the ranges from cultural implication to social scale and imposing manner from terrain selection to internal structure design.
Under the prerequisite of compliance with courtesy system and striving for practicality, the whole architecture combines the gardening art with the courtyard style as a whole, both keeps the traditional style of North-China civil residence and fully uses of South-China gardens.
Wang's family entered time of great prosperity in the period of Emperor Kangxi, Qianlong and Jiaqing were in positions from 1722 to 1796 when it went in for large-scale construction, built residences, ancestral halls and grave-yard. In such period, there are twelve persons from Wang's family who held offices as fifth-to second-rank officials in the government.
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Since the eighteenth century (in the period of Daoguang), Wang's family gradually declined, and the reason for it lay in that, in addition to the social, political, economic and other objective factors, its descendants did not try to make a good showing and got extravagant day by day. They cast away the fine moral characters handed down from their ancestors. Some of them were out of studies while contributing money for official posts, and some neglected farming while indulging themselves in smoking opium. Finally, Wang's family went to declination just like the falling buildings. Though individual rich families still ran firms and shops within the province and in
Wang's family has experienced 27 generations for more than 680 years.
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During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were many wealthy businessmen built large mansions on the fertile
Today, everything of the mansions may be a masterpiece of the private residential culture in northern
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Chang’s family house has its uniqueness of geographic structure. It has left a mystery of design. The courtyard has more doors on a straight line and has more than usual three sets on one unit. Of cause doors are not confront each other to meet the terms of good fengshui.
The ancient Chinese people pursued poetic charming while building gardens and stressed geomantic quality and rites while creating mansions. Some large families such as Yus built both gardens and mansions. However, as independent structures, the gardens and mansions were all built according to their respective rules. On the other hand, Yus family amphsize library more than any other functions It shows not only the admiration to study, but the foundation of family background.
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Most mansions integrate natural landscape with artificial buildings and represents a philosophy of respecting nature and combining the heaven and man. It features strict structures, an exquisite layout, a convergent manner, and a free and easy style. Noble but not overbearing, magnificent but no volatile, the mansions bear wisdom and moral standard and represents the feudal culture and thoughts as an integration of commerce, culture and officialdom.
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The perfect blending of the mansions practical functions and artistic designs shows ancient architects’ superb techniques in creating complex art on a simple plane. Both the entire composition of the mansions and the designs of details show the glamour of Chinese residential house culture. It stands in an imposing manner with a profound meaning. Each of the engravings in the mansion is a fantastic artwork and contains a touching story or a life philosophy.
03 Mar 2009
Want a cheap vacation Try a short cruise
MIAMI – Seeking a getaway despite the downturn, Olivia Gonzalez called her travel agent with an agenda.
"I said, what kind of deals do you have?" said the Miami resident, who is in her 60s, standing outside the Port of Miami. What she found was a six-day, five-night cruise through the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos for $299 a person.
That was all the convincing Gonzalez and thousands of other passengers have needed lately to set sail. Though vacations are disposable when money gets tight, the cruise industry has kept ships full with deep discounts and some itinerary changes to shorter, cheaper voyages. Norwegian Cruise Line is sailing three-and four-day swings for the first time since 2004. Carnival Corp. is offering free state room upgrades and more Caribbean choices — a quick skip from the Miami port — in 2009 to accommodate demand.
"Consumers are looking for more value for their vacation dollar," said Howard Frank, Carnival's chief operating officer, on a recent conference call with analysts. "And our shorter, less expensive Caribbean cruise products are performing much better than our premium and luxury, longer cruise products. So we are seeing a consumer trade-down to value."
The major cruise lines are also seeing vacationers wait longer to commit. Before the downturn, bookings averaged about six months in advance, maybe eight months for luxury trips, said Bob Sharak, executive director of the Cruise Lines International Association.
"People are deferring their purchases to the last minute," he said. "They're booking, but it causes the operators some degree of agitation, because it takes longer to put that sailing on the books.
"I don't think that's something unique to our cruise business right now. I think all travel is like that."
Carnival is offering three- and four- day trips to Mexico and the Bahamas starting at $209 for the lowest-level rooms at the last minute, a nearly 50 percent discount in some cases. A four-day Baja California, Mexico cruise sailing in February and now selling at that rate would cost $399 later, while a three-day Bahamas vacation leaving Jan. 23 is available for $219 instead of $349. Norwegian's short Bahamas cruises were starting at $229 through mid-April.
Long considered a good vacation value, the cruise industry is holding up better than some competitors in this climate. The Port of Miami saw record cruise traffic of 3.8 million passengers from January to November 2008, a 10.5 percent increase over the previous year. Sharak predicts overall occupancy will continue to increase, despite grim predictions for 2009 in the industry and economy overall.
Both Carnival and Royal Caribbean have suspended stock dividends, a sign of some distress, and last month Carnival lowered its revenue predictions for 2009.
"I'm not minimizing today's situation. We've not seen an economic situation like this in America or globally in my lifetime," Sharak said. "However, if history is an indicator of the future, the business itself has been resilient in these varied markets, and I think right now we're showing that as well."
Carnival has rolled out a new pricing scheme to entice further advance commitments. The "Early Saver" program offers 25 percent discounts for certain trips booked up to three months before departure, plus a guarantee those passengers will get the same savings if rates drop.
"The good news is that consumers are still taking their vacations, but the vacation decision is for next month, rather than next year," Frank told investors.
For consumers, the cruise lines' push to fill big ships can mean big savings. Shannon McClelland was shopping for a birthday gift for her boyfriend two months ago when she found a five-day cruise sailing out of Miami for $1,500 a couple, including airfare from New York.
"Today is his birthday, so this is his birthday present," said McClelland, of New York. "I was just looking for something nice, it seemed doable, so we did it."
Source: chinadaily.com.cn
17 Feb 2009
Jinzhou is also called Jianglin City and it is a famous historical cultural city in China. The city walls winds ups and downs along mountains and lakes, like a swimming dragon. The ancient city has a history of 2,000 years. It was originally built in Qin and Han Dynasties; Brick city was built after Five Dynasties and it was ruined and rebuilt several times in the Song, Yuan and Qing Dynasties. The city walls coming into eyes today is the ones which were built according to the city walls of Ming Dynasty in the third year of in the reign of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (A.D.1646). Recently many scenic spots have been built along the city walls.
Many sites of the Three Kingdoms are here, such as, big iron pots and mangers which were used by warriors of Guanyu, Zhijia Mountain where soldiers threw away their weapons when general Lvmeng’s making a surprise a attack on Jinzhou. There are some sites about Guanyu in the outside of the city.
A long history leaves Jinzhou numerous ancient relics. There are over 3,000 relics preserved in Jinzhou Museum and the most famous one is a sword that was used by the king of Yue country in the period of Warring States and was excavated in north of Jinzhou in 1965. The inscription is still legible “the king of Yue country makes it to use by himself”. The sword was carved with diamond-shaped figures, embedded with a kallaite and three-color glass. The edge of the blade is extremely sharp.
Legend:
There is a legend. General Guanyu of Shu Country guarded Jinzhou. One day he suddenly met nine fairies that came down to the human world. They told general Guanyu that goddess Wangmu decided to take back Jinzhou to holy land because of numerous fighting here. Guanyu had an idea to preserve Jinzhou, so he said to them, “ Let’s compete. The winner is the owner of Jinzhou. We separately build a city of 5,000 steps in circumference. The one who completes first is the winner. You build it in the northwest and I build it in the southeast. We start when it is dark and stop at the crow of the rooster.” The fairies agreed. They pocketed earth with their robes to build the city, while Guanyu built the city with reeds. When Guanyu completed his city, the fairies didn’t complete. But time was not up. Guanyu shook the chicken coop and then rooster crowed. The nine fairies went back ashamedly. This is the history of Nine Fairies Statue in the outer of north gateway of Jinzhou city. It is said that Zhangfei also shouldered earth to help his brother, but he was late. So he poured the earth in the outside of the east gateway, nowadays two little hills here are called “zhangfei Yidantu”
How to get there: Ancient Jinzhou City is the inner cities of Jinzhou, so it is convenient for visitors to get there by bus or by taxi.
Tips:
1.Jinzhou is the birthplace of Chu Culture; so catering culture here has a long history and has its special features. There are four famous dishes: “dragon with phoenix”, “fish balls”, “eel” and “soup of white gourd with calipash”. Besides, Chinese rice pudding and a yellow cake are also popular here.
2.Recommended Time:two days
source: chinatravel.com
20 Jan 2009
Food contamination scare spread from Irish pork to beef
LONDON, Dec. 9 (Xinhua) -- A contaminated meat scare has spread from Irish pork to beef after
tests found illegally high levels of chemicals in cattle, Sky news reported on Tuesday.
Three beef farms have been linked to the contamination, with PCBs -- or Polychlorinated
Biphenyls -- being found in 11 herds tested, Ireland's Agriculture Minister Brendan Smith has
confirmed.
However, Smith said the public should not be worried as the levels of PCBs found in the
beef were two to three times above safe limits, compared to 200 times for pork.
Officials said the contaminated animals which ate oil-tainted food are being taken out of
the food chain.
Results are still pending for 34 more farms that received the contaminated feed.
The beef industry is Ireland's largest and most important farming sector and is worth 2.1
billion pounds (about 3 billion U.S. dollars) a year.
Since the cancer-causing dioxins were first found in Irish pork, products have been
recalled from 21 countries.
Less than three days into the crisis, more than 1,700 pig factory workers had lost their
jobs after a total of 56 farms in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland have been
linked with the contamination.
But there are currently no plans to take beef products off the shelves, the officials said.
The meat became contaminated after unlicensed oil used in a burner tainted breadcrumbs
which were supplied to 56 farms in the Republic of Ireland and nine farms in Northern Ireland.
SOURCE： Xinhua EDITOR： 陈佳
30 Dec 2008